Edward Erico Tjia, . (2026) PENGARUH FAKTOR EKONOMI DAN KUALITAS INSTITUSI TERHADAP KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA DI ASEAN 8 TAHUN 2012–2023. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta.
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Abstract
This study analyzes the effect of Trade Openness, Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER), and Rule Of Law on international tourist arrivals in ASEAN 8. Utilizing balanced panel data from 8 ASEAN member countries over the 2012–2023 period, the model is estimated using Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors and Year Fixed Effects to simultaneously address classical assumption violations and control for temporal shocks, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The results indicate that Trade Openness has a positive and significant effect, confirming that trade expansion stimulates international network connectivity. Conversely, REER shows a negative and significant impact due to tourists' high sensitivity to relative destination price changes. This study finds that the Rule Of Law exhibits a negative and significant effect on tourist arrivals. This indicates that within ASEAN's tourism ecosystem, which heavily relies on the informal sector, overly rigid regulations and law enforcement potentially increase the psychological transaction costs for leisure tourists.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | [No.Panggil: 2210115089] [Pembimbing: Sarah Ghania] [Penguji 1: Indri Arrafi Juliannisa] [Penguji 2: Freesca Safitri] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | International Tourism, Trade Openness, Real Effective Exchange Rate, Rule Of Law, OLS, Driscoll-Kraay, ASEAN |
| Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GV Recreation Leisure H Social Sciences > HA Statistics H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory H Social Sciences > HC Economic History and Conditions H Social Sciences > HF Commerce |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis > Program Studi Ekonomi Pembangunan (S1) |
| Depositing User: | EDWARD ERICO TJIA |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Sep 2026 09:14 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2026 09:14 |
| URI: | http://repository.upnvj.ac.id/id/eprint/51898 |
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