ANALISIS KINERJA SISTEM PENGKONDISIAN UDARA KABIN KRL AKIBAT VARIASI KEPADATAN PENUMPANG DAN PEMBUKAAN PINTU MENGGUNAKAN CFD

Iqbal Fadli, . (2026) ANALISIS KINERJA SISTEM PENGKONDISIAN UDARA KABIN KRL AKIBAT VARIASI KEPADATAN PENUMPANG DAN PEMBUKAAN PINTU MENGGUNAKAN CFD. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta.

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Abstract

Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) commuter trains (KRL) in the Jabodetabek area operate under high passenger density and frequent door opening cycles, requiring the air conditioning (HVAC) system to maintain acceptable cabin thermal conditions under dynamic operating environments. This study aims to analyze the performance of the KRL cabin air conditioning system due to variations in passenger density and door opening using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. Numerical simulations were conducted on a half-cabin KRL model with three passenger density variations, namely 2, 4, and 6 persons/m². The analysis was performed under stable conditions (doors closed) and transient conditions during a 20-second door opening period. The evaluated parameters included air temperature distribution, air velocity distribution, temporal variation of air temperature, and the Air Diffusion Performance Index (ADPI) as an indicator of air distribution uniformity within the occupied zone. The numerical model was validated through a mesh independence test, resulting in temperature and air velocity errors of 2.15% and 8.38%, respectively. The steady-state simulation results show that increasing passenger density leads to a rise in the average cabin air temperature, from approximately 21.1–23.4 °C at 2 persons/m² to 22.8–25.4 °C at 6 persons/m². The highest temperatures were observed at the cabin ends and at a height of 1.7 m due to buoyancy effects. During door opening, a significant transient thermal disturbance occurred, with a maximum average temperature increase of up to 11.6% at the 1.7 m height for the 2 persons/m² condition, while a smaller relative increase of approximately 2.7–3.2% was observed at 6 persons/m². The ADPI values decreased during the door opening period, indicating a degradation in air distribution uniformity and a potential reduction in passenger thermal comfort. These results demonstrate that passenger density variations and door opening significantly affect the thermal performance of the KRL cabin air conditioning system and should be considered in the development of more adaptive HVAC control strategies.

Item Type: Thesis (Skripsi)
Additional Information: [No.Panggil: 2010311082] [Pembimbing 1: Fahrudin] [Pembimbing 2:Fitri Wahyuni} [Penguji 1: Damora Rhakasywi]
Uncontrolled Keywords: Commuter Train Cabin, HVAC System, CFD, Passenger Density, Door Opening, ADPI.
Subjects: T Technology > TF Railroad engineering and operation
T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions: Fakultas Teknik > Program Studi Teknik Mesin (S1)
Depositing User: IQBAL FADLI
Date Deposited: 08 Apr 2026 06:59
Last Modified: 08 Apr 2026 07:00
URI: http://repository.upnvj.ac.id/id/eprint/49651

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