PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI PENYELENGGARA SISTEM ELEKTRONIK TERHADAP EKSPLOITASI DATA PRIBADI ANAK (Studi Perbandingan Indonesia dan Singapura)

Riana Azizah, . (2026) PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI PENYELENGGARA SISTEM ELEKTRONIK TERHADAP EKSPLOITASI DATA PRIBADI ANAK (Studi Perbandingan Indonesia dan Singapura). Tesis thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta.

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Abstract

This study analyzes the criminal liability of corporations operating electronic systems for the exploitation of children's personal data from a comparative legal perspective between Indonesia and Singapore. The background of this research rests on the growing practice of children's personal data exploitation by digital corporations, including algorithmic profiling, consent laundering, and data monetization to third parties, as reflected in the Tokopedia data breach of 2020 and the BPJS Kesehatan breach of 2021, alongside the complete absence of criminal verdicts against corporations for children's data violations in Indonesia. This study employs normative juridical research with statutory, comparative, and conceptual approaches. Legal materials include the Personal Data Protection Law, the new Criminal Code, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, Singapore's Personal Data Protection Act 2012 and its 2021 amendment, the Advisory Guidelines on the PDPA for Children's Personal Data, and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child along with General Comment No. 25 of 2021. Analysis was conducted qualitatively using Zweigert and Kötz's functional comparative method and the legal protection theories of Hadjon and Rahardjo. The findings show that Indonesia has a normative basis for corporate criminal liability through the new Criminal Code and the Personal Data Protection Law, applying three integrative doctrines: vicarious liability, identification doctrine, and strict liability. However, implementation is hindered by the absence of a definition of children's personal data as a layered protection category, the yet-to-be-established independent supervisory authority, and fixed nominal sanctions disproportionate to large digital corporations. Singapore demonstrates superiority through an active Personal Data Protection Commission, revenue-based sanctions, and mandatory data breach notification within three days, as evidenced in the SingHealth, Grab, and Carousell cases. Strengthening Indonesian law requires establishing an independent supervisory body, restructuring sanctions based on annual revenue, setting a clear digital consent age threshold, and reinforcing verifiable parental consent mechanisms

Item Type:	Thesis (Tesis)
Additional Information:	[No. Panggil: 2310622016] [Pembimbing 1: Beniharmoni Harefa] [Pembimbing 2: Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar] [Penguji 1: Handoyo Prasetyo] [Penguji 2: Slamet Tri Wahyudi]
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Corporate criminal liability; Children's personal data; Electronic system operator; Comparative law; Data protection.
Subjects:	K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Hukum > Program Studi Hukum (S2)
Depositing User:	RIANA AZIZAH
Date Deposited:	08 Sep 2026 04:27
Last Modified:	08 Sep 2026 04:27
URI:	http://repository.upnvj.ac.id/id/eprint/54058

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