Rahmah Alyanisa, . (2026) HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN SAUDI ARABIA'S NEOM PROJECT (2020-2024): A Rights-based Development Approach. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta.
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Abstract
Although NEOM is recognized as a central pillar of modernization under Saudi Vision 2030, its development reveals tensions between economic ambitions and human rights protection. This study assesses the extent to which NEOM’s development complies with the principles of the Rights-Based Development (RBD) approach. Employing a qualitative method and the PANEL analytical framework (Participation, Accountability, Non-discrimination, Empowerment, and Legality), the study identifies systemic failures across all five principles. Participation fails due to the denial of Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) and the implementation of pseudo-participatory practices. Accountability fails as a result of the absence of independent grievance mechanisms and the persistence of state impunity. Non-discrimination fails due to non-transparent compensation schemes that increase the risk of impoverishment. Empowerment fails as a result of coercive measures, including arbitrary detention and harsh sentencing of local activists. Legality fails due to the use of the 2017 Counter-Terrorism Law to suppress peaceful dissent, in contradiction to Saudi Arabia’s international obligations. The study concludes that NEOM exemplifies a model of "authoritarian development," where legal and political infrastructures are engineered to prioritize investment speed over international human rights obligations.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | [No. Panggil: 2110412026] [Pembimbing: Muhammad Kamil Ghiffary Abdurrahman] [Penguji 1: Nurmasari Situmeang] [Penguji 2: Muhammad Chairil Akbar Setiawan] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | NEOM, Rights-Based Development, PANEL Framework, Howaitat Tribe, Human Rights Violations |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform H Social Sciences > HT Communities. Classes. Races H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare J Political Science > JX International law J Political Science > JZ International relations K Law > K Law (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik > Program Studi Hubungan Internasional (S1) |
| Depositing User: | RAHMAH ALYANISA |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Apr 2026 01:48 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Apr 2026 01:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.upnvj.ac.id/id/eprint/49650 |
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