Dea Fediana, . (2025) PENERAPAN EVIDENCE BASED NURSING (EBN) BREATHING EXERCISE, REFLEXOLOGY, AND MASSAGE (BRM) UNTUK MENGURANGI NYERI DAN KECEMASAN SAAT AKAN MELAHIRKAN SPONTAN DI RSUD TARAKAN. Karya Ilmiah Akhir thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta.
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Abstract
Labor is a complex physiological process experienced by every pregnant woman, characterized by uterine contractions that cause progressive cervical changes until the baby is born. Due to lack of experience and uncertainty about the labor process, primigravida mothers tend to experience more intense labor pain and higher levels of anxiety. Unmanaged pain and anxiety can interfere with uterine contractions, prolong labor, increase the release of stress hormones, and increase the risk of complications for both mother and fetus. Therefore, non-pharmacological interventions such as breathing exercises, reflexology, and massage (BRM) are considered effective Evidence-Based Nursing (EBN) approaches to increase relaxation, reduce stress hormones, and relieve pain and anxiety. This study aims to implement BRM interventions in primigravida mothers in the first stage of active labor at Tarakan Regional Hospital as an effort to reduce pain and anxiety during labor. The results showed that labor pain and anxiety were the primary nursing diagnoses in inpatients and patients in advanced labor. The gradual implementation of the BRM intervention—including breathing exercises, foot reflexology, and lower back massage—successfully reduced pain intensity, as evidenced by decreases in subjective pain scores and Pain Behavior Index (PBI) scores during both the contraction and non-contraction phases. Although physical pain naturally increased as labor progressed, the patients were able to maintain control over their pain responses, indicating the development of adaptive coping mechanisms. Furthermore, both patients demonstrated a significant decrease in anxiety levels—from high to moderate—on the AASPWL anxiety scale after the intervention
| Item Type: | Thesis (Karya Ilmiah Akhir) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | [No.Panggil : 2420721140] [Pembimbing : Dora Samaria] [Penguji 1 : Lina Ayu Marcelina] [Penguji 2 : Eny Dewi Pamungkas] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Anxiety, Breathing Exercise, BRM, Labor, Labor Pain, Massage, Reflexology |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics R Medicine > RT Nursing R Medicine > RZ Other systems of medicine |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan > Program Studi Pendidikan Profesi Ners |
| Depositing User: | DEA FEDIANA |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Apr 2026 04:19 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Apr 2026 04:19 |
| URI: | http://repository.upnvj.ac.id/id/eprint/49517 |
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