Dina Avianti, . (2025) FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI INDONESIA. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta.
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Abstract
Income inequality remains a major challenge in Indonesia’s economic development, as unequal income distribution can hinder the achievement of inclusive welfare. This study aims to analyze the effects of poverty, inflation, the Human Development Index (HDI), and economic growth on income inequality in Indonesia using monthly data from 2012 to 2023 and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The results show that in the short run, poverty has no significant effect in the current period because income inequality is largely structural; however, at lag 1 poverty has a positive and significant effect as its impact on income distribution emerges with a time delay, while at lag 2 poverty has a negative and significant effect due to short-term income adjustments among lower-income groups. Inflation in the current period has a positive and significant effect on income inequality due to declining purchasing power of low-income households; at lag 1 inflation is insignificant as a result of economic adjustment mechanisms and stabilization policies; and at lag 2 inflation has a negative and significant effect reflecting price adjustments and increased economic activity. HDI is insignificant at lag 0 and lag 1 because improvements in human capital do not immediately translate into income gains, while at lag 2 HDI has a negative and significant effect after productivity improvements begin to materialize. Meanwhile, economic growth has no significant effect on income inequality because the benefits of growth are not evenly distributed. In the long run, only inflation has a positive and significant effect on income inequality due to persistent price pressures that continuously erode the purchasing power of low-income groups, whereas poverty, HDI, and economic growth remain insignificant as they fail to permanently alter the structure of income distribution.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | [No.Panggil: 2210115003] [Pembimbing: Raden Parianom] [Penguji 1: Desmintari] [Penguji 2: Viyolanda Azrimultiya] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Income Inequality, Poverty, Inflation, HDI, Economic Growth |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory H Social Sciences > HC Economic History and Conditions |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis > Program Studi Ekonomi Pembangunan (S1) |
| Depositing User: | DINA AVIANTI |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Jan 2026 08:27 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Jan 2026 08:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.upnvj.ac.id/id/eprint/41999 |
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