Febrian Widyaardana, . (2026) PROBLEMATIKA PEMBATASAN KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT DI INDONESIA SESUAI INSTRUMEN HAK ASASI MANUSIA INTERNASIONAL: PERSPEKTIF PEMIDANAAN. JURNAL LOCUS: Penelitian & Pengabdian, 5 (1). pp. 63-80. ISSN 2829-7334
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Abstract
This study examines the restriction of freedom of expression in Indonesia through two main focuses: its conformity with international human rights instruments and its relevance to sentencing perspective within the context of the Criminal Code (KUHP). The findings reveal that constitutional and statutory regulations on restrictions remain formulated in vague terms, failing to meet the requirements of necessity and proportionality as mandated by the ICCPR, General Comment No. 34, the Siracusa Principles, and the Camden Principles. Such ambiguity at the constitutional level subsequently affects insult-related provisions in the Criminal Code, which contain subjective elements without objective parameters, thereby increasing the risk of criminalizing legitimate opinion. Employing normative legal research with statutory and comparative approaches through library research, this study analyzes the compatibility of national regulations with international human rights standards and assesses restrictions from the perspective of sentencing theory. The study concludes that insult offenses in the Indonesian Criminal Code do not fully comply with the principles of legality, subsidiarity, and caution in criminalization, which may lead to overcriminalization and disproportionate deterrent effects. Therefore, this study recommends a comprehensive evaluation through the issuance of a Joint Decree providing implementation guidelines, as well as judicial review to realign insult offenses with human rights-based standards on freedom of expression.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | [No. Panggil : 2210611101] [Pembimbing: Muhammad Rizki Yudha Prawira] [Penguji 1 : Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar] [Penguji 2 : Yuliana Yuli] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Freedom of expression; Human rights limitations; Criminalization; Indonesian Criminal Code; Penal. |
| Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Hukum > Program Studi Hukum (S1) |
| Depositing User: | FEBRIAN WIDYAARDANA |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Mar 2026 03:07 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Mar 2026 03:07 |
| URI: | http://repository.upnvj.ac.id/id/eprint/41815 |
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