Hamzah Putra, . (2025) ANALISIS DETERMINASI EMISI KARBON BERDASARKAN KONSUMSI PERKAPITA DI ASEAN-3. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta.
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Abstract
Per capita consumption-based carbon emissions are important to understand because this indicator reflects the environmental burden of people's consumption patterns, including emissions that occur abroad due to the production of imported goods, thus better representing consumption responsibility, especially in countries with high economic openness. This study aims to analyze the effects of per capita GDP, per capita FDI, and corruption control on per capita consumption-based carbon emissions in three ASEAN countries, namely Singapore, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam during the period 2002–2023. This study uses panel data with Driscoll–Kraay standard errors to produce robust inferences regarding autocorrelation. The results show that per capita GDP has a positive and significant effect on per capita consumption-based carbon emissions, reflecting that increasing public income continues to encourage energy-intensive and high-emission consumption patterns. Furthermore, per capita FDI has a negative and significant effect on per capita consumption-based carbon emissions, indicating that foreign investment flows contribute to increasing production efficiency, adopting cleaner technologies, and shifting consumption structures towards lower-carbon-intensive sectors. Meanwhile, corruption control has a positive and significant effect on per capita consumption-based carbon emissions, indicating that improved governance promotes smooth economic activity and increased energy consumption, particularly when the energy mix is still dominated by fossil fuels. These findings confirm that economic growth, foreign investment, and control of corruption play a significant role in determining the dynamics of consumption-based carbon emissions in the three ASEAN countries.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | [No. Panggil: 2210115116] [Pembimbing: Achmad Nur Hidayat] [Penguji 1: Viyolanda Azrimultiya] [Ketua Penguji: Indri Arrafi Juliannisa] |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Carbon emissions, GDP, FDI, control of corruption, ASEAN Countries |
| Subjects: | D History General and Old World > D History (General) > D880 Developing Countries D History General and Old World > DS Asia H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory H Social Sciences > HC Economic History and Conditions |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis > Program Studi Ekonomi Pembangunan (S1) |
| Depositing User: | HAMZAH PUTRA |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Apr 2026 07:08 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Apr 2026 07:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.upnvj.ac.id/id/eprint/41774 |
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