KEDUDUKAN HUKUM BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP DALAM PERJANJIAN PINJAM NAMA ATAS HAK MILIK TANAH OLEH WARGA NEGARA ASING: Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung 4223 K/Pdt/2022)

Rizal Ananda Gibran, . (2026) KEDUDUKAN HUKUM BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP DALAM PERJANJIAN PINJAM NAMA ATAS HAK MILIK TANAH OLEH WARGA NEGARA ASING: Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung 4223 K/Pdt/2022). Jurnal Locus : Penelitian dan Pengabdian, 5 (1). pp. 11-23. ISSN 2829-7334

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Abstract

The use of nominee agreements by foreign nationals (WNA) to obtain control over land with freehold title (Hak Milik) has become a recurring practice aimed at circumventing the strict nationality requirements under Indonesia’s Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA). This practice generates fundamental tension between the principle of nationality, freedom of contract, and legal certainty, particularly when foreign nationals act as beneficial owners through a series of civil documents intended to transfer substantive control over land. This study examines the legal validity of nominee agreements, the legal status of beneficial ownership within Indonesia’s agrarian system, and the judicial reasoning of the Supreme Court in Decision No. 4223 K/Pdt/2022. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The findings show that nominee agreements constitute contracts with an unlawful causa because they violate Articles 21 and 26(2) of the UUPA and fail to meet the objective validity requirements under Article 1320 of the Civil Code. Beneficial ownership has no legal standing in the context of land rights, as Indonesia adheres to a monistic land law system that recognizes only the holder listed on the land certificate. The Supreme Court confirms that funding by a foreign national does not create any rights over Hak Milik and declares the nominee scheme null and void from the outset.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	[No. Panggil : 2210611012] [Pembimbing : Citraresmi Widoretno Putri] [Penguji 1 : Iwan Erar Joesoef] [Penguji 2 : Muhammad Helmi Fahrozi]
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Nominee Agreement, Beneficial Ownership, Freehold Title, Foreign Nationals, Unlawful Causa, Agrarian Law.
Subjects:	K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Hukum > Program Studi Hukum (S1)
Depositing User:	RIZAL ANANDA GIBRAN
Date Deposited:	26 Mar 2026 07:44
Last Modified:	26 Mar 2026 07:44
URI:	http://repository.upnvj.ac.id/id/eprint/41437

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